Semiconductor package

ABSTRACT

A semiconductor package includes a first semiconductor chip on a substrate, a second semiconductor chip on the substrate and spaced apart from the first semiconductor device, a mold layer on the substrate and covering sides of the first and second semiconductor chips, and an image sensor unit on the first and second semiconductor chips and the mold layer. The image sensor unit is electrically connected to the first semiconductor chip.

PRIORITY STATEMENT

This is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/786,698, filedOct. 18, 2017 which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to KoreanPatent Application No. 10-2017-0049704 filed on Apr. 18, 2017 in theKorean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

The inventive concept relates to a semiconductor package and to a methodof manufacturing the same. More specifically, the inventive conceptrelates to a stacked CMOS semiconductor package.

2. Description of Related Art

In general, an electronic image sensor is a semiconductor-based devicethat converts an optical image into an electrical signal. Such anelectronic image sensor can be mainly classified as a charge coupleddevice (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) image sensor(CIS). Both of these types of image sensors have been used in digitalcameras, camcorders, personal computers and surveillance cameras.

However, a CCD image sensor has various disadvantages, such as acomplicated driving method and high power consumption and a complicatedfabricating process entailing a multi-step photolithography process.

SUMMARY

According to an aspect of the inventive concept, there is provided asemiconductor package including a substrate, a first semiconductor chipon the substrate, a second semiconductor chip on the substrate andspaced laterally apart from the first semiconductor chip, a mold layeron the substrate and covering sides of the first and secondsemiconductor chips, and an image sensor unit on the first and secondsemiconductor chips and the mold layer, and in which the image sensorunit comprises an electronic image sensor electrically connected to thefirst semiconductor chip.

According to another aspect of the inventive concept, there is provideda semiconductor package including an image sensor unit having oppositemajor first and second surfaces, pixel regions at the major secondsurface thereof and a photodiodes operatively associated with the pixelregions to sense light incident on the pixel regions, a first lowersemiconductor chip and a second lower semiconductor chip on the majorfirst surface of the image sensor unit, a mold layer on the major firstsurface of the image sensor unit and covering sides of the first andsecond lower semiconductor chips; and a connection terminal interposedbetween the major first surface of the image sensor unit and the firstlower semiconductor chip and electrically connecting the first lowersemiconductor chip to the image sensor unit. A sum of widths of thefirst and second lower semiconductor chips is smaller than a width ofthe image sensor unit, the widths being dimensions taken in a directionparallel to the major first and second surfaces of the image sensorunit.

According to yet another aspect of the inventive concept, there isprovided a semiconductor package including a substrate, a first chipdisposed on the substrate, a second chip disposed on the substrate aslaterally spaced from the first chip in a first direction, a mold layerencapsulating the first and second chips on the substrate, a third chipdisposed on the mold layer and overlying the first and second chips intheir entirety, and an array of pixels disposed on the logic chip. Thefirst chip is a memory chip, the second chip is an active chip, apassive chip, or a dummy chip, and the third chip is a logic chipelectrically connected to the array of pixels and to the memory chip.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a semiconductorpackage according to the inventive concept.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are partial cross-sectional views of the semiconductorpackage of FIG. 1 illustrating heat transfer in the package.

FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views of a semiconductorpackage during the course of its manufacture and together illustrating amethod of manufacturing a semiconductor package according to theinventive concept.

FIGS. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are cross-sectional views of an article ofmass-manufacture and together illustrating a mass production method ofmanufacturing a semiconductor package according to the inventiveconcept.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various examples of the inventive concept will now be described morefully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, theinventive concept may be embodied in many alternate forms and should notbe construed as limited to only the examples described hereinafter.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of asemiconductor device according to the inventive concept. In thefollowing drawings, the illustration of interconnection patterns andintegrated circuit elements in a semiconductor chip will be omitted orabbreviated for the sake of clarity. Also, in the description thatfollows, reference may be made to a single element (e.g. a pad) orfeature (e.g., a surface) for simplicity even though examples, as may beillustrated in the drawings, have multiple ones of the same type ofelement or feature to which the same description obviously applies.

Referring to FIG. 1, a substrate 100 may be provided. The substrate 100may include, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB). The substrate100 may include a substrate pad 120 and an external terminal 130. Thesubstrate pad 120 may be disposed on an upper surface of a body of thesubstrate 100. The external terminal 130 may include a solder ball or asolder bump. The external terminal 130 may be electrically connected tothe substrate pad 120 via the substrate 100 as illustrated by the dashedline. The electrical connection may be a direct (no intervening activeor passive electronic components) or indirect electrical connection.

A first semiconductor chip 200 may be provided on the substrate 100. Thefirst semiconductor chip 200 may be a memory chip such as a DRAM, SRAM,MRAM or flash memory. The first semiconductor chip 200 may be asilicon-based chip. An upper surface of the first semiconductor chip 200may be an active surface. For example, the first semiconductor chip 200may include a first conductive pattern 210 and a first chip pad 220provided at an upper portion thereof. The first chip pad 220 may beelectrically connected to at least one integrated circuit element orintegrated circuits of or constituted by the first conductive pattern210.

A second semiconductor chip 300 may be provided on the substrate 100.The second semiconductor chip 300 may be laterally spaced apart from thefirst semiconductor chip 200, e.g., the first and second semiconductorchips 200 and 300 may be disposed side-by-side. The second semiconductorchip 300 may have a single layer structure, i.e., may consist of asingle material (in the case of a dummy chip described in more detailbelow) or may have a multi-layered structure of different materials.Especially in the case in which the second semiconductor chip 300 has asingle layer structure, the second semiconductor chip 300 may includesilicon, such as polysilicon, or metal.

In some examples, the second semiconductor chip 300 is a memory chip, alogic chip, a capacitor or a hybrid chip configured as a combinationthereof. In these examples, the second semiconductor chip 300 may be asilicon-based chip. An upper surface of the second semiconductor chip300 may be an active surface. For example, the second semiconductor chip300 may include a second conductive pattern 310 and a second chip pad320 provided at an upper portion thereof. The second chip pad 320 may beelectrically connected to an integrated circuit (IC) constituted by thesecond conductive pattern 310. In examples in which the secondsemiconductor chip 300 is a memory chip, a logic chip, or a hybrid chip,the second semiconductor chip 300 is considered to be an active chip asit includes an IC, i.e., an active electronic component. In examples inwhich the second semiconductor chip 300 is a capacitor, i.e., a chipcapacitor, the second semiconductor chip 300 is considered to be apassive chip as it includes a passive electronic component and no activeelectronic components.

In some examples in which the second semiconductor chip 300 is a dummychip, the second conductive pattern 310 and the second chip pad 320 areomitted and the chip is electrically isolated in the package. Here, theterm “chip” is used to merely refer to the fact that the body, such asthe single layer of material, which occupies the space next to the firstsemiconductor chip 200 in the mold layer 400 beneath the thirdsemiconductor chip 610. The term “dummy” as is well known in the artrefers to the fact that the component has no electronic function in thepackage. Thus, “dummy chip” as used herein refers to a body ofmaterial(s) having a size and shape similar to that of a standard activechip, such as a memory chip, or passive chip but which does not performan electronic operation in the package.

The first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 may be attached tothe substrate 100. To this end, a substrate adhesion layer 110 may beinterposed between the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300and the substrate 100.

A mold layer 400 may be provided on the substrate 100. The mold layer400 may cover the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300.Sides 200 a and 300 a of the first and second semiconductor chips 200and 300 may be covered by the mold layer 400 so as not to be exposed toan external environment. The mold layer 400 may fill a space between thefirst semiconductor chip 200 and the second semiconductor chip 300. Themold layer 400 may not cover lower surfaces of the first and secondsemiconductor chips 200 and 300. The mold layer 400 may expose the firstchip pad 220 of the first semiconductor chip 200 and the second chip pad320 of the second semiconductor chip 300. The mold layer 400 may preventthe first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 from being damagedby external impact, moisture or the like. The mold layer 400 may includean insulating polymer such as an epoxy mold compound. The mold layer 400may have a lower thermal conductivity than the substrate 100 and thefirst and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300. Because the mold layer400 does not cover the lower surfaces of the first and secondsemiconductor chips 200 and 300, heat generated from the first andsecond semiconductor chips 200 and 300 may be dissipated to the outsideof the semiconductor package through the substrate 100, during operationof the semiconductor package.

An image sensor unit 600 unit may be disposed over the mold layer 400. Awidth W1 of the image sensor unit 600 may be greater than a width W2 ofthe first semiconductor chip 200 and a width of the second semiconductorchip W3. The width W1 of the image sensor unit 600 may be greater than asum of the width W2 of the first semiconductor chip 200 and the width W3of the second semiconductor chip 300. In plan view, the image sensorunit 600 may overlap the entirety of the first semiconductor chip 200and the second semiconductor chip 300. In general, the thirdsemiconductor chip 610 lies over the entirety of the first and secondchips 200 and 300 at least in the direction in which the first andsecond chips 200 and 300 are laterally spaced from each other.

The image sensor unit 600 may have an upper major surface 600 a and alower major surface 600 b. The upper surface 600 a of the image sensorunit 600 may be a light incident surface, i.e. a surface dedicated toreceive incident light during operation. The lower surface 600 b of theimage sensor unit 600 may face toward the first and second semiconductorchips 200 and 300. In some examples, an adhesion layer is providedbetween the lower surface 600 b of the image sensor unit 600 and thefirst and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300. The lower surface 600b of the image sensor unit 600 may be firmly attached to the first andsecond semiconductor chips 200 and 300 by the adhesion layer. A side (orside “surface”) 600 c of the image sensor unit 600 may be substantiallycoplanar with a side (or side “surface”) 400 c of the mold layer 400.The image sensor unit 600 may be supported over its entire bottomsurface by the mold layer 400. Thus, the image sensor unit 600 may bestably supported in the package by virtue of the first and secondsemiconductor chips 200 and 300 and the mold layer 400. The image sensorunit 600 may sense the light that is incident on the upper surface 600 aand may output the sensed light as an electrical signal. To this end,the image sensor unit may have a microprocessor and an array of pixelson the microprocessor, as will be described in more detail below.

The image sensor unit 600 may include a third semiconductor chip 610 anda sensing chip 620 either or both of which may be considered asconstituting an electronic image sensor. The sensing chip 620 mayinclude photodiodes converting light into electric charges. The thirdsemiconductor chip 610 may be a logic chip converting (i.e., processing)the electric charges generated by the sensing chip 620 into anelectrical signal representative of an image(s).

The third semiconductor chip 610 may include a first base layer 611, afirst circuit layer 612, a first via 613 and a first bonding pad 614.The first base layer 611 may include a silicon substrate. The firstcircuit layer 612 may be provided on the first base layer 611. The firstcircuit layer 612 may include integrated circuits (e.g., transistors)and at least one interconnection pattern. The first via 613 maypenetrate the first base layer 611 and may electrically connect thefirst circuit layer 612 to the first semiconductor chip 200 and/or thesecond semiconductor chip 300. Thus, an electrical path between thefirst and/or second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 and the thirdsemiconductor chip 610 may be relatively short. The first bonding pad614 may be disposed on an upper surface of the third semiconductor chip610. The upper surface of the third semiconductor chip 610 may be anactive surface.

The sensing chip 620 may be disposed on the third semiconductor chip610. The sensing chip 620 may include a second base layer 621, a secondcircuit layer 622, a second via 623 and a second bonding pad 624. Thesecond base layer 621 may include a silicon substrate. The secondcircuit layer 622 may be provided at a lower portion of the sensing chip620, adjacent to the third semiconductor chip 610. The second circuitlayer 622 may include an integrated circuit of photodiodes (includingphotodiodes and transistors) and at least one interconnection pattern.The at least one transistor may constitute a CMOS. The second bondingpad 624 may be disposed on a lower surface of the sensing chip 620. Thelower surface of the sensing chip 620 may be an active surface. Thesecond bonding pad 624 may contact the first bonding pad 614. Thus, thesensing chip 620 may be electrically connected to the thirdsemiconductor chip 610 by the first and second bonding pads 614 and 624.The second via 623 may extend through at least a part of the sensingchip 620. In some examples, the second via 623 extends through thesensing chip 620 to be electrically connected to the third semiconductorchip 610. In other examples, the second via 623 extends partiallythrough the sensing chip 620 and is electrically connected to the thirdsemiconductor chip 610.

A pixel array region may be provided at an upper portion of the imagesensor unit 600. The pixel array region may include pixel regions P(e.g., including the photodiodes and the transistors) in the sensingchip 620. In a plan view, the pixel regions P may be disposed in acentral region of the image sensor unit 600. Color filters 630 andmicro-lenses 640 may be disposed on the upper surface 600 a of the imagesensor unit 600 and may be provided to the pixel regions P. The pixelregions P may constitute an array of pixels.

A connection pad 650 may be disposed on the upper surface 600 a of theimage sensor unit 600. The connection pad 650 may be disposed on theupper surface 600 a of an edge portion of the image sensor unit 600. Ina plan view, the connection pad 650 may be spaced apart from the pixelarray region. The connection pad 650 may be electrically connected tothe second via 623 of the sensing chip 620. The connection pad 650 maybe connected to the substrate pad 120, i.e., a terminal of the substrate100, via a bonding wire 700. The image sensor unit 600 may beelectrically connected to the substrate 100 via the bonding wire 700.

In some examples, a redistribution layer 500 is provided between theimage sensor unit 600 and the first and second semiconductor chips 200and 300. The redistribution layer 500 may extend between the mold layer400 and the image sensor unit 600. In some examples, an adhesion layermay be provided between the redistribution layer 500 and the first andsecond semiconductor chips 200 and 300 such that the redistributionlayer 500 and the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 maybe securely bonded. The redistribution layer 500 may include insulatinglayers 510 and a redistribution (wiring) pattern 520. The redistributionpattern 520 may include at least one conductive layer and conductivevias. The redistribution layer 500 may be electrically connected to thethird semiconductor chip 610. The first semiconductor chip 200 may beelectrically connected to the redistribution layer 500 by a firstconnection terminal 230 provided therebetween. The second semiconductorchip 300 may be electrically connected to the redistribution layer 500by a second connection terminal 330 provided therebetween. Theredistribution layer 500 may allow for increased freedom in thearranging of the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300. Insome examples, the second semiconductor chip 300 is not electricallyconnected to the redistribution layer 500.

A holder 810 may be provided on the substrate 100 and may support a lens800. That is the lens 800 may be disposed on the holder 810. The lens800 may be spaced apart from the image sensor unit 600 to face the imagesensor unit 600. The lens 800 may focus light on the incident surface ofthe image sensor unit 600.

A semiconductor package according to any of the examples described abovemay have improved heat dissipation efficiency.

FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate heat transfer in a semiconductor packageaccording to the inventive concept. In FIGS. 2 and 3, some of theelements described above are omitted for clarity.

Referring to FIG. 2, a heat source HS at which heat is generated andaccumulates in the image sensor unit 600 during operation is depicted.The heat source HS may not be limited to the location shown in FIG. 2.For example, the heat source HS may be present at various locations inthe third semiconductor chip 610 and the sensing chip 620. While theimage sensor unit 600 operates, heat has the potential to transfer fromthe location of the heat source HS toward the upper surface 600 a of theimage sensor unit 600. In the case in which such a heat transfer occurs,noise such as dark current may be generated in the pixel regions P dueto the heat.

If the second semiconductor chip 300, even as a dummy chip, were notprovided in a space below the image sensor unit 600, that same spacebelow the image sensor unit 600 would be filled with a mold layer 400.The mold layer 400 typically has a relatively low thermal conductivityof, for example, 0.88 W/mK. Thus, the heat generated at the heat sourceHS in the image sensor unit 600 would not dissipate through the moldlayer 400.

In contrast, in examples of a semiconductor package according to theinventive concept, the second semiconductor chip 300 is disposed in whatwould otherwise be extra space below the image sensor unit 600. Thesecond semiconductor chip 300 may include metal or silicon having ahigher thermal conductivity than the mold layer 400. The heatconductivity of the silicon may be 149 W/mK, for example. Because aportion of the mold layer 400 below the image sensor unit 600 isessentially replaced by the second semiconductor chip 300 heatdissipation efficiency of the semiconductor package is improved.

According to an aspect of the inventive concept shown in FIG. 3, theheat dissipation efficiency of the semiconductor package is notparticularly dependent on the location of the heat source HS. Consider acase in which heat is generated at a heat source HS located adjacent toan edge (outer peripheral portion) of the image sensor unit 600. An areain which the image sensor unit 600 overlaps the first and secondsemiconductor chips 200 and 300 is relatively large compared to the casein which the image sensor unit 600 overlaps only one chip (i.e., thecase in which the second semiconductor chip 300 were not provided). Theheat generated at the location of the heat source HS may more easilydissipate to the outside of the semiconductor package in the formercase, i.e., through the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300according to the inventive concept, compared to the latter case in whichthe second semiconductor chip 300 were not provided. Even in the case inwhich heat is being generated at heat sources HS at various locations ofthe image sensor unit 600, the heat may easily dissipate to the outsideof the semiconductor package through the first semiconductor chip 200and the second semiconductor chip 300.

Additionally, the semiconductor package may not include an additionalinterposer or additional connection terminals (e.g., bonding wires orsolder balls) for electrically connecting the first and secondsemiconductor chips 200 and 300 and the image sensor unit 600 but mayinclude a plate-shaped substrate (e.g., the redistribution layer 500)for electrically connecting the first and second semiconductor chips 200and 300 and the image sensor unit 600. Thus, a thickness of a portion ofthe semiconductor package below the image sensor unit 600 may beminimized such that a dimension or size of the semiconductor package maybe kept correspondingly small so that the heat dissipation toward anunderside of the semiconductor package may be facilitated.

The semiconductor package may dissipate the heat through the first andsecond semiconductor chips 200 and 300 so that the heat may be preventedfrom being transmitted to the pixel regions P. Thus, noise may beprevented from occurring in the image sensor unit 600 by the heat andimage quality of the image sensor unit 600 may be improved.

In addition, in examples in which the second semiconductor chip 300 isan active chip, the semiconductor package may have an enhancedperformance. For example, the second semiconductor chip 300 may be amemory chip to increase a memory capacity of the semiconductor package.In some examples, the second semiconductor chip 300 may be a logic chipor include a capacitor (e.g., the second semiconductor chip 300 may be achip capacitor) to improve power efficiency or signal transmissioncharacteristics of the semiconductor package. In some examples, thesecond semiconductor chip 300 may include a module of chips of the morethan one of the above-mounted types mounted together independently ofthe package.

In some examples, the second semiconductor chip 300 may include aportion of the logic circuitry for controlling the operation of thepackage. Thus, a dimension or size of the image sensor unit 600 may beminimized such that a relatively compact semiconductor package may berealized.

FIGS. 4 to 9 illustrate an example of a method of manufacturing asemiconductor package, such as the package described above, according tothe inventive concept. Some of the same elements as those of theabove-described package are omitted in FIGS. 4-9 and are not describedin detail for the sake of brevity. Hereinafter, reference to the part ofthe package including the upper and lower surfaces of the first andsecond semiconductor chips 200 and 300, the redistribution layer 500 andthe image sensor unit 600 may be ad with respect to FIG. 1

Referring to FIG. 4, the image sensor unit 600 may be provided. Forexample, the third semiconductor chip 610 may be bonded to a lowersurface 620 b of the sensing chip 620 to form the image sensor unit 600.

The sensing chip 620 may be manufactured.by forming the second circuitlayer 622, forming the second bonding pad 624 on the second base layer621, and forming the second via 623 in the second base layer 621. Thecolor filters 630, the micro-lenses 640 and the connection pad 650 maybe provided on an upper surface 620 a of the sensing chip 620 (e.g., anupper surface of the second base layer 621). The third semiconductorchip 610 may be formed by forming the first circuit layer 612 and thefirst bonding pad 614 on the first base layer 611 and forming the firstvia in the first base layer 611. The first and second bonding pads 614and 624 include a conductive material such as metal.

Next, the sensing chip 620 and the third semiconductor chip 610 may bebonded to each other. The sensing chip 620 and the third semiconductorchip 610 may be bonded by a direct bonding process. For example, theprocess of bonding the sensing chip 620 and the third semiconductor chip610 may include providing the sensing chip 620 on the thirdsemiconductor chip 610 in such a way in which the second bonding pad 624are aligned with the first bonding pad 614, performing a heat treatmentprocess on the sensing chip 620 and the third semiconductor chip 610 tobond the first and second bonding pads 614 and 624, such that the thirdsemiconductor chip 610 and the sensing chip 620 are bonded andelectrically connected to each other. In some examples in which thethird semiconductor chip 610 and the sensing chip 620 include silicon,an interface between the third semiconductor chip 610 and the sensingchip 620 may be nitrified or oxidized during the heat treatment processsuch that the third semiconductor chip 610 and the sensing chip 620 maybe bonded to each other.

Referring to FIG. 5, the image sensor unit 600 may be provided on acarrier substrate 900. The upper surface 620 a of the sensing chip 620may face toward the carrier substrate 900. The image sensor unit 600 maybe attached to the carrier substrate 900 by a carrier adhesion layer910.

Subsequently, a portion 615 of the third semiconductor chip 610 may beremoved. For example, the first base layer 611 may be thinned to exposethe first via 613. For example, a grinding process may be performed on asurface of the first base layer 611 that is remote from and opposite tothe lower surface 620 b of the sensing chip 620

Referring to FIG. 6, the redistribution layer 500 may be formed on alower surface 600 b of the image sensor unit 600. A surface of the thirdsemiconductor chip 610 that is exposed after the removal of the portion615 thereof may be referred to as the lower surface 600 b of the imagesensor unit 600 and another surface of the image sensor unit 600opposite to the lower surface 600 b thereof may be referred to as anupper surface 600 a thereof. The forming of the redistribution layer 500may including forming the insulating layers 510 and the redistributionpattern 520 on the third semiconductor chip 610. The redistributionpattern 520 may be electrically connected to the first via 613. Theredistribution pattern 520 may have various shapes depending on alocation of the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300arranged in the process described in the following.

Referring to FIG. 7, the first semiconductor chip 200 and the secondsemiconductor chip 300 may be mounted on the redistribution layer 500.For example, the first semiconductor chip 200 and the secondsemiconductor chip 300 may be provided on a lower surface 500 b of theredistribution layer 500. The first connection terminal 230 may beformed between the redistribution layer 500 and the first semiconductorchip 200 to electrically connect the first semiconductor chip 200 to theimage sensor unit 600. The second connection terminal 330 may be locatedbetween the redistribution layer 500 and the second semiconductor chip300 to electrically connect the second semiconductor chip 300 to theimage sensor unit 600.

Referring to FIG. 8, the mold layer 400 may be formed on theredistribution layer 500. The mold layer 400 may cover the sides 200 aand 300 a of the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 andthe redistribution layer 500. The mold layer 400 may not cover the lowersurfaces 200 b and 300 b of the first and second semiconductor chips 200and 300. The side (surface) 400 c of the mold layer 400 may besubstantially coplanar with the side (surface) 500 c of theredistribution layer 500 and the side (surface) 600 c of the imagesensor unit 600. A chip stack 10 may be fabricated by the aforementionedprocesses.

Referring to FIG. 9, after reversing the chip stack 10, the chip stack10 may be disposed on the substrate 100 including the substrate pad 120and an external terminal 130. At that time, the lower surface 200 b ofthe first semiconductor chip 200 and the lower surface 300 b of thesecond semiconductor chip 300 may face toward the substrate 100. Thesubstrate adhesion layer 110 may be situated between the substrate 100and the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 to allow thefirst and second semiconductor chips 200 and 300 to be fixed on thesubstrate 100. The carrier substrate 900 and the carrier adhesion layer910 may be removed, thereby exposing the color filters 630, themicro-lenses 640 and the connection pad 650. Thereinafter, the bondingwire 700 may be formed to connect the connection pad 650 and thesubstrate pad 120.

Referring to FIG. 1, the holder 810 may be provided on the substrate100. The holder 810 may support the lens 800. The lens 800 may face andbe spaced apart from the image sensor unit 600. Thus, the semiconductorpackage may be manufactured by the aforementioned processes.

FIGS. 10 to 14 are cross-sectional views illustrating a method ofmanufacturing semiconductor packages in mass according to the inventiveconcept. Some of the same elements and configurations as those describedabove will not be described again in detail, for brevity.

Referring to FIG. 10, a first semiconductor substrate 1610 and a secondsemiconductor substrate 1620 may be bonded to each other. A plurality ofthird semiconductor chips 610 may be provided in the first semiconductorsubstrate 1610. The first semiconductor substrate 1610 may be asemiconductor wafer substrate. A plurality of sensing chips 620 may beprovided in the second semiconductor substrate 1620. The secondsemiconductor substrate 1620 may be a semiconductor wafer substrate.When the first and second semiconductor substrates 1610 and 1620 arebonded, the sensing chips 620 may be electrically connected to the thirdsemiconductor chips 610, respectively. The process of forming thesensing chips 620 and the third semiconductor chips 610 and the processof bonding the first and second semiconductor substrates 1610 and 1620may be similar to the processes of forming and bonding the sensing chip620 and the third semiconductor chip 610 described with reference toFIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 11, the first and second semiconductor substrates 1610and 1620 may be inverted, and thus, the second semiconductor substrate1620 may be provided on a carrier substrate 900. The secondsemiconductor substrate 1620 may be attached to the carrier substrate900 by the carrier adhesion layer 910. The first semiconductor substrate1610 may be located over the carrier substrate 900.

A portion of the first semiconductor substrate 1610 may be removed. Forexample, the first semiconductor substrate 1610 may be thinned to exposethe first vias 613.

Referring to FIG. 12, the redistribution layer 500 may be formed on thefirst semiconductor substrate 1610 to cover the third semiconductorchips 610.

Referring to FIG. 13, the first and second semiconductor chips 200 and300 may be mounted on the redistribution layer 500. The first and secondsemiconductor chips 200 and 300 may be formed by a chip-on-waferprocess. For example, each of a plurality of first semiconductor chips200 and each of a plurality of second semiconductor chips 300 may bemounted on each of the third semiconductor chips 610.

Referring to FIG. 14, a mold layer 400 may be formed on the first andsecond semiconductor chips 200 and 300. The mold layer 400 may besubstantially the same as that described with reference to FIG. 8.

The first semiconductor substrate 1610, the second semiconductorsubstrate 1620 and the mold layer 400 may be sawed along a sawing lineSL. Chip stacks 10 may be individually separated from each other by thesawing process. Each of the chip stacks 10 may be the same as the chipstack 10 shown in and described with reference to FIG. 8. For example,the chip stacks 10 may each include the first and second semiconductorchips 200 and 300, the mold layer 400, the third semiconductor chip 610and the sensing chip 620. Since the chip stacks 10 are separated fromone another by the sawing process, a width of the mold layer 400 may besubstantially equal to a width of the redistribution layer 500 and awidth of the image sensor unit 600, in each of the chip stacks 10.

Thereinafter, as described in FIG, 9, after the chip stacks 10 aremounted on a substrate 100, the holder 810 and the lens 800 may beprovide on the substrate 100, thereby completing the manufacturing ofthe semiconductor package.

Although the inventive concept has been particularly shown and describedwith reference to examples thereof, it will be understood by those ofordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details maybe made to the disclosed examples without departing from the spirit andscope of the inventive concept as defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A semiconductor package comprising: a substrate;a first chip and a second chip on the substrate, the first and secondchips spaced laterally apart from each other; a mold layer encapsulatingthe first and second chips on the substrate; a third chip on the moldlayer; and a fourth chip on the third chip; wherein a first surface ofthe third chip and a second surface of the fourth chip are in contactwith each other, wherein the third chip comprises a first bonding pad onthe first surface of the third chip, and the fourth chip comprises asecond bonding pad on the second surface of the fourth chip, and whereinthe first bonding pad and the second bonding pad are in direct contactto electrically connect between the third chip and the fourth chip. 2.The semiconductor package according to claim 1, wherein the mold layercovers sides of the first chip and the second chip, and sides of themold layer are substantially coplanar with sides of the third chip andthe fourth chip.
 3. The semiconductor package according to claim 1,wherein each of the third chip and the fourth chip overlaps the firstchip and the second chip, in a plan view of the semiconductor package.4. The semiconductor package according to claim 1, further comprising anarray of pixels disposed on the fourth chip.
 5. The semiconductorpackage according to claim 1, further comprising a redistribution layerinterposed between the mold layer and the third chip, and wherein theredistribution layer electrically connects the third chip to the firstchip.
 6. The semiconductor package according to claim 5, the third chipcomprises a first via penetrating the third chip and extending to theredistribution layer from the first surface of the third chip, andwherein the first via is electrically connected to the redistributionlayer and the first surface of the third chip.
 7. The semiconductorpackage according to claim 1, wherein a sum of widths of the first andsecond chips is smaller than a width of each of the third chip and thefourth chip.
 8. The semiconductor package according to claim 7, furthercomprising: a connection pad on a third surface opposite to the secondsurface of the fourth chip; and a bonding wire electrically connectingthe connection pad to a terminal of the substrate, wherein the fourthchip comprises a second via penetrating the fourth chip and extending tothe connection pad from the second surface of the fourth chip, andwherein the second via is electrically connected to the connection padand the second surface of the fourth chip.
 9. The semiconductor packageaccording to claim 1, wherein each of the first chip and the second chiphas an active surface facing toward the third chip and electricallyconnected to the redistribution layer.
 10. The semiconductor packageaccording to claim 1, wherein the third chip and the fourth chipconstitute an image sensor unit, the third chip comprises a logic chip,and the fourth chip comprises a photo diode.
 11. The semiconductorpackage according to claim 1, wherein the first chip is a memory chip,and the second chip is a dummy chip consisting of a single layer ofsilicon or metal.
 12. A semiconductor package comprising: aredistribution layer; a first semiconductor chip and a secondsemiconductor chip mounted on a first surface of the redistributionlayer; a third semiconductor chip disposed on a second surface of theredistribution layer; and a fourth semiconductor chip on thesemiconductor third chip, wherein the third chip comprises: a first baselayer; a first circuit layer disposed at a side of first base layeropposite to the redistribution layer and which comprises integratedcircuits; and a first bonding pad on the first circuit layer, whereinthe fourth chip comprises: a second base layer; and a second circuitlayer disposed at a side of the second base layer to the thirdsemiconductor chip and which comprises integrated circuits; and a secondbonding pad on the second circuit layer, wherein the first circuit layerand the second circuit layer are in direct contact to connect the firstand second bonding pads.
 13. The semiconductor package according toclaim 12, further comprising a mold layer encapsulating the first andsecond semiconductor chips on the first surface of the redistributionlayer, and covering sides of the first semiconductor chip and the secondsemiconductor chip.
 14. The semiconductor package according to claim 13,wherein sides of the mold layer are substantially coplanar with sides ofthe third semiconductor chip and the fourth semiconductor chip.
 15. Thesemiconductor package according to claim 12, wherein a sum of widths ofthe first and second semiconductor chips is smaller than a width of thethird semiconductor chip and a width of the fourth semiconductor chip.16. The semiconductor package according to claim 12, wherein the firstcircuit layer is electrically connected to the redistribution layerthrough a first via penetrating the third chip.
 17. The semiconductorpackage according to claim 12, wherein the first semiconductor chip is amemory chip, the second semiconductor chip is a dummy chip consisting ofa single layer of silicon or metal, the third semiconductor chipcomprises a logic chip, and the fourth semiconductor chip comprises aphoto diode.
 18. The semiconductor package according to claim 12,further comprise an array of pixels disposed on the fourth semiconductorchip.
 19. The semiconductor package according to claim 18, furthercomprising: a connection pad disposed on the fourth semiconductor chipand spaced apart from the array of pixels; a substrate on lower surfacesof the first and second lower semiconductor chips opposite to theredistribution layer; and a bonding wire electrically connecting theconnection pad to a terminal of the substrate, and wherein the secondcircuit layer is electrically connected to the connection pad throughthe a second via penetrating the fourth chip.
 20. A semiconductorpackage comprising: a substrate; a first chip and a second chip on thesubstrate, the first and second chips spaced laterally apart from eachother; a redistribution layer mounted on the first chip and the secondchip; a mold layer between the substrate and the redistribution layer;wherein the mold layer encapsulates the first and second chips on thesubstrate and covers sides of the first chip and the second chip; and animage sensor unit on the redistribution layer, wherein the image sensorunit comprises: a third chip electrically connected to the first chipthrough a via penetrating the third chip, and a fourth chip stacked onthe third semiconductor chip and comprising an second surface contactedwith a first surface of the third chip, wherein the second chip is adummy chip consisting of a single layer of silicon or metal, whereinsides of the mold layer are substantially coplanar with sides of thethird chip and the fourth chip, and wherein a first bonding pad of thethird chip and a second bonding pad of the fourth chip are in directcontact.